by Amina Mahmoud Younis* Hifa Salam2 and Iman Aleywan
ABSTRACT
This study examines audience exposure to Lebanese electronic newspapers during political crises, their level of reliance, and changes in following opinion articles. It also explores the influence of cultural and political factors on public attitudes. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, a questionnaire was administered to 400 respondents (January–April 2025), and data were analyzed using SPSS. Findings show that electronic journalism has stronger cognitive and emotional effects than behavioral impact, which remains limited. Moreover, public attitudes are shaped by exposure, trust, political affiliations, and crisis context. Therefore, the study concludes that electronic journalism plays a key role in shaping perceptions and recommends enhancing media literacy.
